Basic Math Formulas of Trigonometry

Simplify triangles with these basic trigonometry formulas. Learn SOH-CAH-TOA, Pythagorean identities, and reciprocal ratios for exams.

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The Power of Triangles

Trigonometry deals specifically with the relationships between side lengths and angles of triangles. It is essential for engineering and physics.

1. The Six Ratios (SOH-CAH-TOA)

For a right triangle with an angle \theta:

  • \sin(\theta) : Opposite / Hypotenuse

  • \cos(\theta) : Adjacent / Hypotenuse

  • \tan(\theta) : Opposite / Adjacent

2. Trigonometric Identities

These formulas help simplify complex calculus and physics problems:

  • Pythagorean Identity: \sin^2(\theta) + \cos^2(\theta) = 1

  • Tangent Identity: \tan(\theta) = \frac{\sin(\theta)}{\cos(\theta)}

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